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    A.R.S. § 42-11054

    How Arizona Assessors Are Required to Value Property

    Verified May 17, 2026 • 57th Legislature, 1st Regular Session

    A.R.S. § 42-11054 prescribes the appraisal methods Arizona assessors must use. The statute requires use of standard appraisal techniques and current usage, and it spells out specific rules for golf courses, shopping centers, low-income housing, and other special property types.

    Title 42, PROPERTY TAX

    azleg.gov

    Scope note: RJP Estate Planning is not a law firm; legal services are provided by the licensed Arizona attorneys we partner with. RJP helps Arizona families with living trusts, wills, powers of attorney, and probate avoidance. Property tax matters are outside the scope of RJP’s services, and this page explains Arizona law for educational purposes only.

    What This Statute Says

    A.R.S. § 42-11054 prescribes the appraisal methods Arizona assessors must use. The statute requires use of standard appraisal techniques and current usage, and it spells out specific rules for golf courses, shopping centers, low-income housing, and other special property types.

    1. Prescribe guidelines for applying standard appraisal methods and techniques that shall be used by the department and county assessors in determining the valuation of property.

    A.R.S. § 42-11054

    This is one of the longer property tax statutes in Arizona. It standardizes how assessors approach value, sales comparison, cost, and income approaches, and it requires the use of "current usage" rather than highest-and-best-use for most property. The result is more stable valuations.

    For estates that include investment real estate, this statute is the foundation of any valuation appeal. If a property is valued without using one of the approved methods, the assessment can be challenged.

    When This Statute Comes Into Play

    This statute typically becomes relevant in three situations. A property owner is reviewing an annual tax bill. An estate is being administered and the personal representative has to address ongoing property tax obligations. Or a charitable or nonprofit organization is claiming or maintaining an exemption. The statute is part of a larger framework in chapter 11 of title 42 and operates alongside the related sections cross-linked below.

    What This Means for Arizona Families

    Most families never think about Arizona property tax statutes until they are sitting at a closing table on an inherited home, reviewing an unexpected tax bill, or trying to claim an exemption for a surviving spouse. When that moment arrives, the rules in chapter 11 of title 42 are the framework you are working inside.

    If you are holding real property in a revocable living trust, the trust structure does not by itself remove the property from the tax rolls. The exemption has to come from a specific statute. Our FAQ on what to do with property you inherit in Arizona covers the immediate practical questions, and our FAQ on probate timelines covers how a contested or stalled administration can affect tax filings and exemptions.

    If you are administering an estate, the personal representative has a duty to keep property taxes current, to claim available exemptions where appropriate, and to maintain documentation in case the assessor reviews a claim later. Calendar the February exemption filing window each year for any property where a widow, widower, or disability exemption applies. Once the deadline passes, the saving for that year is usually lost.

    42-11054. Standard appraisal methods and techniques A. Subject to subsection B of this section, the department shall: 1. Prescribe guidelines for applying standard appraisal methods and techniques that shall be used by the department and county assessors in determining the valuation of property. 2. Prepare and maintain manuals and other necessary guidelines, consistent with this section, reflecting the standard methods and techniques to perpetuate a current inventory of taxable property and the valuation of that property. B. Before they are adopted, the department shall submit each substantive proposed guideline, table and manual that is developed, amended or otherwise modified from and after December 31, 2006 to the joint legislative oversight committee on property tax assessment and appeals.  The department shall not finally adopt, amend or otherwise modify a substantive guideline, table or manual for at least thirty days after submitting the measure to the committee.  The committee may hold one or more informational hearings on the proposed measure within thirty days after submission. In adopting, amending or modifying the measure the department shall consider the committee's comments. If the committee fails to hold a hearing within thirty days after submission, the department may adopt, amend or modify the measure without further consideration. C. In applying prescribed standard appraisal methods and techniques: 1. Current usage shall be included in the formula for reaching a determination of full cash value. 2. Solar energy devices, as defined in section 44-1761, grid-tied photovoltaic systems and any other device or system designed to produce solar energy primarily for on-site consumption are considered to add no value to the property on which such a device or system is installed. 3. If characterized as personal property, subject to any applicable constitutional exemption from taxation, solar energy devices, as defined in section 44-1761, grid-tied photovoltaic systems and any other device or system designed to produce solar energy primarily for on-site consumption shall be valued as provided in section 42-13056. 4. Energy efficient building components, renewable energy equipment and combined heat and power systems are considered to add no value to the property, if the property owner provides the county assessor with documentation of all elements that qualify pursuant to this paragraph, including documents showing actual acquisition and installation costs.  The documentation must be submitted to the county assessor not later than six months before the notice of full cash value is issued for the initial evaluation year pursuant to section 42-15101 or, if the component is added after September 30 of the preceding year, not later than March 31 of the initial valuation year.  For the purposes of this paragraph: (a) "Combined heat and power system" means a system that generates electricity or mechanical power and useful thermal energy in a single, integrated system such that the useful power output of the facility plus one-half the useful thermal output during any twelve-month period is not less than 42.5 percent of the total energy input of fuel to the facility. (b) "Energy efficient building components" means high performance sustainable building components installed so that the buildings or building components meet or exceed the energy efficiencies prescribed by the United States environmental protection agency energy star program or by a leadership in energy and environmental design green building rating standard developed by the United States green building council, or an equivalent green building standard, or that are at least fifteen percent more energy efficient than the international energy conservation code in effect at the time of building permit issuance. (c) "Renewable energy equipment" means equipment that is used to produce energy primarily for on-site consumption from renewable resources, including wind, forest thinnings, agricultural waste, biogas, biomass, geothermal, low-impact hydropower and solar energy not included under paragraph 2 of this subsection. D. If the methods and techniques prescribe using market data as an indication of market value, the price paid for future anticipated property value increments shall be excluded. E. For the purposes of determining full cash value the department and county assessors shall use and apply the ratio standard guidelines issued by the department for tax year 1993 in the same manner as they were applied in tax year 1993. This subsection does not apply to property that is valued according to prescribed statutory methods or to property for which values are determined in the year after an appeal pursuant to section 42-16002.

    This page provides general legal information about Arizona statutes and is not legal advice. For guidance on how this law applies to your situation, speak with a qualified attorney.

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